Journal: PeerJ

Article Title: Cardioprotective effects of Prolame and SNAP are related with nitric oxide production and with diminution of caspases and calpain-1 activities in reperfused rat hearts

doi: 10.7717/peerj.7348

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Schematic representation of the experimental procedures performed in the Langendorff model. Control group was perfused during 110 min; ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) group, with 30 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion; I-R+Prolame group, in which Prolame (1.25 μm) was added only 5 min before ischemia; I-R+SNAP group, in which SNAP (two μm) was added 5 min before ischemia and 10 min at the start of reperfusion. (B) Cardiac function expressed as the double product (DP = LVDP × heart rate) of the experimental groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of eight independent heart preparations per group. The statistical test used was two-way ANOVA. ∗ P < 0.001 I-R vs. all groups; ∗∗ P < 0.001 I-R+SNAP vs. I-R+Prolame; $ P < 0.05 Control vs. I-R+Prolame. (C) Representative images of TTC-stained hearts and infarct size quantification expressed as percentage of infarct size/area at risk. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of five independent heart preparations per group. The statistical test used was one-way ANOVA. ∗ P < 0.05 I-R vs. all groups. (D) Nitric oxide content in the experimental groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of three independent heart preparations per group. The statistical test used was one-way ANOVA. ∗ P < 0.05 I-R vs. all groups; ∗∗ P < 0.05 I-R+SNAP vs. I-R+Prolame; $ P < 0.05 Control vs. I-R+Prolame and I-R+SNAP.

Article Snippet: Hearts were perfused retrogradely on a Radnoti Langendorff heart perfusion system (ADInstruments, Sydney, NSW, Australia) via the aorta at a constant flow rate of 12 ml/min with Krebs-Henseleit solution (118 mM NaCl, 4.75 mM KCl, 1.18 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 1.18 mM MgSO 4 · 7H 2 O, 2.5 mM CaCl 2 , 25 mM NaHCO 3 , five mM glucose and 0.1 mM sodium octanoate, pH 7.4), which was continuously bubbled with 95% O 2 and 5% CO 2 at 37 °C.

Techniques: Control, Staining

Journal: PeerJ

Article Title: Cardioprotective effects of Prolame and SNAP are related with nitric oxide production and with diminution of caspases and calpain-1 activities in reperfused rat hearts

doi: 10.7717/peerj.7348

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Schematic representation of the experimental procedure in the Langendorff model using the inhibitory compounds ODQ and L-NAME. Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) group, with 30 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion; I-R+Prolame group, in which Prolame (1.25 μm) was added only 5 min before ischemia; I-R+Prolame+ODQ group, ODQ (15 μm) was added 15 min at the onset of the stabilization and before the addition of Prolame; I-R+Prolame+L-NAME group, L-NAME (50 μm) was added 15 min at the onset of stabilization and before the addition of Prolame. (B) Heart rate expressed as beats per minute. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of five independent heart preparations per group. The statistical test used was two-way ANOVA. ∗ P < 0.001 I-R vs. I-R+Prolame and I-R+Prolame+ODQ; $ P < 0.05 I-R+Prolame vs. I-R+Prolame+ODQ; & P < 0.001 I-R+Prolame vs. I-R+Prolame+L-NAME. (C) LVDP (left ventricular developed pressure). Values are expressed as mean ± SD of five independent heart preparations per group. The statistical test used was two-way ANOVA. ∗ P < 0.001 I-R vs. I-R+Prolame and I-R+Prolame+ODQ; $ P < 0.05 I-R+Prolame vs. I-R+Prolame+ODQ; & P < 0.001 I-R+Prolame vs. I-R+Prolame+L-NAME.

Article Snippet: Hearts were perfused retrogradely on a Radnoti Langendorff heart perfusion system (ADInstruments, Sydney, NSW, Australia) via the aorta at a constant flow rate of 12 ml/min with Krebs-Henseleit solution (118 mM NaCl, 4.75 mM KCl, 1.18 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 1.18 mM MgSO 4 · 7H 2 O, 2.5 mM CaCl 2 , 25 mM NaHCO 3 , five mM glucose and 0.1 mM sodium octanoate, pH 7.4), which was continuously bubbled with 95% O 2 and 5% CO 2 at 37 °C.

Techniques:

Journal: PeerJ

Article Title: Cardioprotective effects of Prolame and SNAP are related with nitric oxide production and with diminution of caspases and calpain-1 activities in reperfused rat hearts

doi: 10.7717/peerj.7348

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Schematic representation of the experimental procedure in the Langendorff model using the inhibitory compound ODQ. Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) group, with 30 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion; I-R+SNAP group, in which SNAP (two μm) was added 5 min before ischemia and 10 min at the start of reperfusion; I-R+SNAP+ODQ group, in which ODQ (15 μm) was added 15 min at the onset of stabilization and before the addition of SNAP (B). Heart rate expressed as beats per minute. Values are mean ± SD of five independent heart preparations per group. The statistical test used was two-way ANOVA. ∗ P < 0.001 I-R vs. I-R+SNAP and I-R+SNAP+ODQ. (C) LVDP (left ventricular developed pressure). Values are expressed as mean ± SD of three independent heart preparations per group. The statistical test used was two-way ANOVA. ∗ P < 0.001 vs. I-R+SNAP and I-R+SNAP+ODQ.

Article Snippet: Hearts were perfused retrogradely on a Radnoti Langendorff heart perfusion system (ADInstruments, Sydney, NSW, Australia) via the aorta at a constant flow rate of 12 ml/min with Krebs-Henseleit solution (118 mM NaCl, 4.75 mM KCl, 1.18 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 1.18 mM MgSO 4 · 7H 2 O, 2.5 mM CaCl 2 , 25 mM NaHCO 3 , five mM glucose and 0.1 mM sodium octanoate, pH 7.4), which was continuously bubbled with 95% O 2 and 5% CO 2 at 37 °C.

Techniques:

Journal: Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)

Article Title: Hypoxia exposure and B‐type natriuretic peptide release from Langendorff heart of rats

doi: 10.1111/apha.12767

Figure Lengend Snippet: Langendorff measurement set‐up. (a) Whole system, (b) enlargement from a (red rectangle) showing details of the oxygen level measurements before the heart (an arrow shows the probe) and heart chamber and (c) enlargement from b (yellow rectangle) showing the chamber that was used to measure the oxygen level of coronary flow (an arrow shows the probe) and collect samples from the flow. Coronary flow was dripping to the chamber equipped with the oxygen probe, and after recording the oxygen level, the coronary flow entered into a collecting tube, which made it possible to analyse samples from the coronary flow.

Article Snippet: After removal of the heart, the ascending aorta was connected into Langendorff heart perfusion apparatus (Radnoti Working Heart System, Monrovia, CA, USA) and was subjected to retrograde perfusion with a physiological Krebs–Henseleit solution (NaCl 115 m m , KCl 4.6 m m , KH 2 PO 4 1.2 m m , MgSO 4 1.2 m m , CaCl 2 2.5 m m , NaHCO 3 25 m m and glucose 11 m m ) equilibrated with carbogen gas (95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide) to a pH of 7.4.

Techniques:

Journal: Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)

Article Title: Hypoxia exposure and B‐type natriuretic peptide release from Langendorff heart of rats

doi: 10.1111/apha.12767

Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) BNP concentration in coronary flow, (b) oxygen removal from perfusate and (c) heart rate in the Langendorff rat heart when the oxygen concentration was decreased with N 2 gassing (hypoxia group; , n = 7), controls (♦, n = 5). Oxygen was measured with an optical oxygen probe before and after the heart during perfusion. *Denotes a significant difference ( P < 0.05) between hypoxia treatment and controls, while ¤ indicates a significant difference ( P < 0.05) within a hypoxia group as compared to the starting value. Two‐way repeated‐measures anova followed by Holm–Sidak test was used. The values are mean ± SE .

Article Snippet: After removal of the heart, the ascending aorta was connected into Langendorff heart perfusion apparatus (Radnoti Working Heart System, Monrovia, CA, USA) and was subjected to retrograde perfusion with a physiological Krebs–Henseleit solution (NaCl 115 m m , KCl 4.6 m m , KH 2 PO 4 1.2 m m , MgSO 4 1.2 m m , CaCl 2 2.5 m m , NaHCO 3 25 m m and glucose 11 m m ) equilibrated with carbogen gas (95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide) to a pH of 7.4.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Stem Cells

Article Title: Uncovering the Heterogeneity of Cardiac Lin − KIT + Cells: A scRNA-seq Study on the Identification of Subpopulations

doi: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad057

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cardiac KIT clustering. (A) KIT cells were classified into 3 population clusters using the UMAP algorithm based on the important components identified via PCA. (B) DotPlot showing the average expression of marker genes in 3 KIT clusters: stem cell markers (POU5F1, SOX2, KLF4, MYC), cardiac-specific transcription markers (GATA4, GATA6, MEF2C, TBX5, HAND2, and NKX2-5), cardiomyocyte marker (TNNI3), epithelial cell marker (WT1), endothelial cell marker (PECAM1/CD31), vascular smooth muscle cell maker (MYH11), fibroblast marker (TCF21), inflammatory cell marker (PTPRC/CD45), mesenchymal stem cell surface markers (THY1/CD90, LY6A/Sca-1, and ENG/CD105), and KIT. (C) The expression levels of KIT, GATA6, MYC, KLF4, MEF2C, and GATA4 mRNAs were plotted on the UMAP of KIT cells. Color key: dark color indicates high expression level. (D) Heatmap of the top 10 signature genes for each cluster.

Article Snippet: The process involved 2 steps: (1) Mouse hearts were perfused with an enzyme solution using the Langendorf Perfusion Isolation System (Adult Mouse Cardiomyocyte Isolation Kit, Cellutron Life Technology). (2) The digested cells were filtered through a 40 μM cell strainer and then sorted through magnetically activated cell sorting (MACS) with the Mouse Lineage Cell Depletion Kit (Cat# 130-090-858, Miltenyi Biotec.).

Techniques: Expressing, Marker